Tittle
|
:
|
Static Default Route
| |
Issue Date
|
:
|
27 September 2016
| |
Prepare by
|
:
| ||
Teacher
|
:
|
Suyatno, S.Kom
| |
SMK AL-BAHRI KOTA BEKASI
| |||
TOPOLOGI
TABEL ADDRESSING
|
Device
|
Interface
|
IP Address
|
Subnet Mask
|
Default Gateway
|
|
R1
|
Fa0/0
|
192.168.1.254
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
|
Fa1/0
|
12.12.12.1
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
|
Lo1
|
172.16.1.1
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
|
Lo2
|
172.16.2.2
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
R2
|
Fa0/0
|
192.168.2.254
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
|
Fa1/0
|
12.12.12.2
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
|
Lo1
|
172.16.3.3
|
255.255.2a55.0
|
N/A
|
|
|
Lo2
|
172.16.4.4
|
255.255.255.0
|
N/A
|
|
S1
|
N/A
|
VLAN1
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|
S2
|
N/A
|
VLAN1
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|
Laptop 1
|
NIC
|
192.168.1.1
|
255.255.255.0
|
192.168.1.254
|
|
Laptop 2
|
NIC
|
192.168.2.1
|
255.255.255.0
|
192.168.2.254
|
Tujuan
· Setting static default
route
Konsep Dasar
Static default route adalah static route dengan network address destination
0.0.0.0 dan subnet
mask 0.0.0.0. Dikenal juga sebagai “quad zero” route. Static default route
melakukan identifikasi
gateway yang akan digunakan oleh router untuk mengirimkan semua paket IP untuk
network
destination yang tidak diketahui di routing table, sehingga akan diforward ke
route 0.0.0.0/0.
Untuk konfigurasi static default route dapat menggunakan next-hop ip address
atau exit-interface.
Router(config)#ip
route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.2 Router(config)#
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 { ip-address or exit-intf}
Static default route:
· Default route dapat
digunakan ketika network destination tidak diketahui (Internet)
· Default route dapat
digunakan ketika hanya ada satu jalur keluar untuk semua network
destination
· Dapat mengurangi ukuran
routing table
· Jika router tidak
menemukan entry network destination di routing table, maka router akan
memforward paket ke default route
· Menjadi route pilihan
terakhir di routing table
Konfigurasi
Setting static default route di R1
Command untuk mensetting static default route menggunakan exit-interface
R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 fa1/0
Tampilkan routing table di R1
Router(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S -
static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O -
OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1
- OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF
external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 -
IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user
static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is
0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected,
Loopback1
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected,
Loopback2
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.2
is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
Tanda S* menandakan
static default route. Setiap network destination yang tidak diketahui
dirouting table akan diforward ke 12.12.12.2. Lihat juga pada bagian Gateway
of last resort yang
menyatakan bahwa untuk menuju network 0.0.0.0 gunakan gatewaynya 12.12.12.2.
Tes Ping dari Laptop1 ke Laptop2
PC>ping 192.168.2.1
Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32
bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32
time=11ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32
time=12ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32
time=11ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32
time=11ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.2.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0
(0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in
milli-seconds:
Minimum = 11ms, Maximum = 12ms, Average =
11ms
Traceroute dari Laptop1 ke
Laptop2
PC>tracert 192.168.2.1
Tracing route to 192.168.2.1
over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 1 ms 3 ms
0 ms 192.168.1.254
2 12 ms 11 ms
11 ms 12.12.12.2
3 16 ms 18 ms
25 ms 192.168.2.1
Trace complete.
Tampilan routing table di R2
Router(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S -
static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O -
OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 -
OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF
external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 -
IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user
static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is
0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected,
Loopback3
C 172.16.4.0 is directly connected,
Loopback4
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1
is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
Dari tampilan diatas dapat
dilihat bahwa R2 menggunakan static route dengan kode S. Sedangkan
di R1 static default route dengan kode S*. Perhatikan perbedaannya ada *
di R1.
Sekarang kita akan mencoba static default route di R2, berarti di R1 harus
disetting static route
terlebih dahulu dan hapus konfigurasi static default route yang ada
Command untuk mensetting static
default route menggunakan exit-interface
R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 fa1/0
Tampilkan routing table di R2
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S -
static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O -
OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 -
OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF
external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 -
IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user
static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is
0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected,
Loopback3
C 172.16.4.0 is directly connected,
Loopback4
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1
is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
Tanda S* menandakan
static default route. Setiap network destination yang tidak diketahui
dirouting table akan diforward ke 12.12.12.1. Lihat juga pada bagian Gateway
of last resort yang
menyatakan bahwa untuk menuju network 0.0.0.0 gunakan gatewaynya 12.1 2.12.1
Tes Ping dari Laptop2 ke Laptop1
PC>ping 192.168.1.1
Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32
bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32
time=11ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32
time=12ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32
time=11ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32
time=14ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0
(0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in
milli-seconds:
Minimum = 11ms, Maximum = 14ms, Average =
12ms
Traceroute dari Laptop2 ke
Laptop1
PC>tracert 192.168.1.1
Tracing route to 192.168.1.1 over
a maximum of 30 hops:
1 2 ms 0 ms
3 ms 192.168.2.254
2 0 ms 10 ms
11 ms 12.12.12.1
3 11 ms 15 ms
14 ms 192.168.1.1
Trace complete.
Note: langkah diatas harus dijalankan secara
bergantian agar bisa mensimulasikan static
default route di R1 maupun R2
Verifikasi
Proses konfigurasi diatas sekaligus dilakukan proses verifikasi. Untuk melihat
hasil settinggan,
gunakan command show running-config.
Tampilkan routing table R2
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP,
R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network
0.0.0.0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C
12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C
172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 172.16.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback4
C
192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S*
0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1
is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
Dari output diatas ditampilkan
full routing table di R2. Jika ingin menampilkan misalnya yang
connected atau static saja, gunakan tambahan sub-command connected atau static.
Tampilkan routing table static
R2
Router#show ip route static
S*
0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1
is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
Tampilkan routing table
connected R2
Router#show ip route connected
C
12.12.12.0/24 is directly
connected, FastEthernet0/1
C
172.16.3.0/24 is directly
connected, Loopback3
C
172.16.4.0/24 is directly
connected, Loopback4
C
192.168.2.0/24 is directly
connected, FastEthernet0/0
Opsi menampilkan routing table
Ada beberapa pilihan untuk menampilkan routing table, apakah ingin menampilkan
static saja atau
yang lainnya. Gunakan tanda ? untuk melihat opsi yang tersedia.
Router#show ip route ?
WORD Network to display
information about or hostname
bgp Border Gateway Protocol
(BGP)
connected Connected
eigrp Enhanced Interior
Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
ospf Open Shortest Path
First (OSPF)
rip Routing Information
Protocol (RIP)
static Static routes
<cr>
Review
1. Static default route cocok untuk network tipe stub-network, jelaskan apa
yang di maksud
tipe stub-network?
2. Router bisa menjalankan routing procotol static dan dynamic secara
bersamaan. Static
default route sering digunakan sebagai backup routing protocol dynamic jika
bermasalah,
bagaimana cara mensetting agar static default route menjadi backup routing
protocol OSPF
jika routing protocol OSPF down?
0 comments:
Post a Comment